13 January 2025

Results of work on artificial reproduction and aquaculture of the Volga-Caspian branch of VNIRO

Specialists of the Volga-Caspian branch of the State Research Center of the Russian Federation "All-Russian Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography" (VNIRO) carry out work on monitoring artificial reproduction at fish farms of the basin branches of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "Glavrybvod", are permanent participants in the commissions of the Territorial Administration on artificial reproduction, conduct scientific research in the field of artificial reproduction and commercial aquaculture, carry out activities on the artificial reproduction of aquatic biological resources at the Scientific and Experimental Complex of Aquaculture (NECA) "BIOS". The purpose of monitoring the activities of organizations on the artificial reproduction of aquatic biological resources and assessing the quality of released juveniles is to study the state of artificial reproduction of sturgeon species of fish. Russian sturgeon fish hatcheries release the bulk of sturgeon juveniles relative to the results of their Caspian partners, especially great success in the release of Russian sturgeon. The studies conducted together with the central institute of VNIRO to determine the share of fish of factory origin in research catches show the decisive share of Russian sturgeon, allow to determine the efficiency of fish farms.

Together with the employees of the branch on freshwater fisheries, for a number of years joint work has been carried out on the use of cryopreserved sexual products, prepared decades ago, for fertilization of beluga and stellate sturgeon eggs of the broodstock of the scientific and experimental aquaculture complex "BIOS" in order to restore genetic diversity, while the preliminary analysis allows to select optimal schemes for crossing producers. The current stage of this work consists of the beginning of the formation of a unique stock of beluga and stellate sturgeon obtained using cryopreserved sperm of sturgeon fish, and is a long-term joint work of researchers and fish farmers of the VNIRO branches, as part of the Unique scientific installation "Bioresource collection of VBR" of VNIRO. Over time, the broodstock grown will allow obtaining viable, genetically diverse offspring for release into the natural environment.

The individuals of migratory sturgeon species kept at the BIOS NECA, both of natural origin and grown from "caviar", allow the state task of artificial reproduction to be fulfilled in full. Some sturgeon producers kept there have repeatedly taken part in spawning campaigns, the weight of the largest beluga exceeds 150 kg, and the Russian sturgeon - 60 kg.

In world practice, commercial aquaculture is becoming increasingly important in the overall production of fisheries. Movement in the same direction is observed for fisheries in the Caspian basin. Employees conduct important research in the field of commercial aquaculture, conduct a comprehensive assessment of the state of water bodies in the Astrakhan region and other subjects of the Russian Federation, the magnitude of anthropogenic load, and the degree of impact of cage farms on natural water bodies. The obtained materials serve as a basis for developing Recommendations for the placement of new industrial fish farms, which contributes to an increase in the production of commercial fish products from aquaculture farms.

Press Service of VNIRO

13.01.2025 Каспнирх

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